China Manned Space Agency is launching a new human research program for its space station, beginning April 1, to address critical scientific questions for long-term space survival, including future lunar missions. The initiative aims to develop a comprehensive "space human atlas" and database, generating research beneficial for taikonaut health and the general public on Earth. This program, part of China's ambition to become an aerospace and technological powerhouse, will investigate the effects of microgravity and long-duration spaceflight on human physiology, focusing on bone and muscle health, cardiovascular function, metabolism, cognition, and aging using human samples and organoids. This effort builds upon previous space medicine experiments conducted on the Tiangong space station, with China targeting a crewed lunar landing by 2030.