Romania's population is projected to shrink by nearly a quarter by the year 2100, falling to approximately 14.4 million from its current 19 million at the start of 2025, according to Eurostat. This significant decline, estimated at roughly 24%, is a part of a broader European Union trend where the overall population is expected to decrease by 11.7% from 451.8 million in 2025 to 398.8 million by 2100, with an anticipated peak of 453 million in 2029. While Germany is expected to remain the most populous EU country despite a projected decrease, and Spain anticipates modest growth, Eastern European nations like Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia are forecast to experience even steeper population drops exceeding 30%. These demographic shifts also indicate a reduced proportion of children and working-age individuals, and an increased share of older age groups within the EU.