New research from the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS) and Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg reveals that approximately 4% of particulate matter in urban air consists of plastic, with two-thirds originating from tire abrasion. Measurements taken in Leipzig, Germany, between September 1-14, 2022, indicate that residents could inhale about 2.1 micrograms of plastic daily, potentially increasing the risk of death from cardiovascular disease by 9% and lung cancer by 13%. This study, published in _Communications Earth & Environment_, is the first in Germany to quantify airborne micro- and nanoplastics by polymer type and size, highlighting the need for global action against plastic pollution and regional air quality monitoring. The findings suggest that even with their low mass, these particles may pose significant long-term health risks, necessitating their inclusion in air quality regulations.