Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Australia, beginning Wednesday evening, marks his third trip as leader and his first in three years. The visit includes the Australia-India Annual Leaders’ Summit from July 8-10, where he will meet Prime Minister Anthony Albanese. While the Australia India Foundation expects 25,000 to 30,000 attendees at a celebratory "Melbourne Meets Modi" event at Marvel Stadium, the visit has also drawn significant criticism. Amnesty International has urged the Albanese government to address India's human rights record, specifically regarding religious minorities and journalists. Additionally, the Alliance Against Islamophobia plans to protest against perceived bigotry and caste oppression. Despite these tensions and a recent online threat addressed by the AFP, the visit highlights a maturing bilateral relationship focused on trade opportunities in clean energy, education, and critical minerals.