The economic impact of Brexit, ten years on, is becoming clearer through a growing body of academic research and official trade data. A key example is Eskimo Radiators, a Bristol-based startup that saw its EU exports drop from 40% to 5% of its total sales, not due to tariffs but because of non-tariff barriers like paperwork, delays, and customer uncertainty. This pattern is reflected in broader figures: UK goods exports to the EU were 14% lower in 2025 compared to 2019, and imports were down 10%. Studies from institutions like the National Institute of Economic and Social Research and the Centre for European Reform indicate a trade hit of around 16-17%, while the Aston University Business School found a 53.8% reduction in the variety of products exported to the EU.